There is big news in the world of microcontrollers and single-board computers: Arduino, which was recently acquired by Qualcomm, is launching an ‘all-in-one toolbox’ in the form of the Arduino UNO Q, which gives its community of 33 million users the opportunity to develop applications that could previously only be realised with a Raspberry Pi. Against this backdrop, many are asking themselves: Which board is best suited to my project?
Arduino UNO Q – the ‘all-in-one toolbox’
The Arduino UNO Q combines two worlds on one board: a powerful Linux processor (the Qualcomm Dragonwing QRB2210) and a microcontroller that controls hardware in real time. Both communicate via a special bridge, enabling projects to perform and control demanding tasks precisely at the same time.Arduino App Lab allows developers to combine Arduino sketches, Linux applications, and AI models in a single environment, either directly on the board or via a connected PC. Ready-made examples help you to get started, and the flexible platform allows you to develop custom applications specifically for your own project. This makes the UNO Q ideal for projects combining AI, robotics, image and audio processing or edge computing.
A direct comparison: Arduino UNO Q vs. Raspberry Pi 5
To better understand the differences between the Arduino UNO Q and the Raspberry Pi, it is worth taking a look at the technical basics and main applications of both platforms. The following table shows how the two systems differ in terms of architecture, performance, connectivity and typical areas of application.
| Arduino UNO Q | Raspberry Pi 5 | |
|---|---|---|
| Architecture | Hybrid: MPU (Linux) + MCU (real-time) | Single MPU |
| Processor | Qualcomm QRB2210, quad-core Cortex-A53 (2.0 GHz) + STM32U585 MCU (160 MHz) | Cortex-A76 quad-core (2.4 GHz) |
| RAM | 2 GB or 4 GB LPDDR4X | 2–16 GB LPDDR4X |
| Storage | 16 GB eMMC integrated | microSD or PCIe SSD |
| Operating system | Debian Linux + Zephyr RTOS | Raspberry Pi OS / Linux |
| Real-time capability | Yes (MCU-based) | No |
| Connectivity | Wi-Fi 5, Bluetooth 5.1, USB-C with video out | Wi-Fi 5, BT 5.0, USB-C |
| GPIO & hardware access | UNO shields, Qwiic, Arduino headers, MCU real-time control | GPIO, HATs, PCIe |
| Programming | Arduino IDE, Python, App Lab, RPC Bridge | Python, Linux tools, Scratch |
While the Raspberry Pi 5 is less suited to precise real-time control, it compensates with significantly higher computing power, extensive multimedia support, and the convenience of a complete desktop operating system, such as Raspberry Pi OS or Debian. It is particularly well-suited to tasks such as web servers, smart home control centres and AI applications with high computing loads. As the Raspberry Pi has been on the market for a long time, it also offers a wide selection of HATs, expansion boards and accessories. Thanks to its large community, wealth of tutorials and libraries, and versatility, the Raspberry Pi is a good choice for makers and developers looking for a powerful, universal single-board computer system.
Decision guide: How to choose the right board
The right board for a project depends largely on its application and technical requirements. The required computing power is especially important when complex data processing, machine learning or operating system execution are required. In this respect, the Raspberry Pi is superior. Another important consideration is real-time capability. If the board needs to respond precisely and without delay to sensors, motors, or other components, reliable real-time processing is essential. In this case, Arduino provides the required real-time performance.
Connection options and expandability are also important considerations. Depending on the project, it can be crucial whether a wide range of interfaces, expansion modules or compatible accessories are supported. In this regard, Arduino has a clear advantage. Some of its models have been designed for industrial use from the outset. In addition, they are equipped with the necessary interfaces. Raspberry Pi, on the other hand, scores points with its wide variety of compatible shields and HATs. These can be used to supplement missing functions when needed.
In addition, an active community makes it easier to get started and implement projects, for example by providing tutorials, libraries and forum support. Thanks to its long-standing market power and strong focus on open source, it is clear that Raspberry Pi has the larger community and more publicly available resources. In return, Arduino offers personalised advice and support as part of its Arduino Pro package. This is an attractive option for companies that require more guidance and dependable support for urgent issues.
Budget and scalability also play a role. Some projects can be completed with very simple boards, while others benefit from more powerful, albeit more expensive, solutions. Both Arduino and Raspberry Pi have a broad range of products and can provide a solution for every project, as well as the option to expand that solution.
Next-gen maker boards: a hybrid concept for the future?
It is clear that the future belongs to platforms that are both “embedded” and “desktop-capable.” In other words, they will combine both strengths instead of being limited to just one.
Hybrid concepts bring these two worlds together. They combine the reliability and precision of microcontrollers with the flexibility and performance of Linux-based MPUs. As a result, they open up new fields of application. These range from AI and computer vision to intelligently networked IoT systems.
The next generation will be shaped by greater performance and lower energy consumption. At the same time, integrated AI acceleration, improved sensor technology, and closer links between hardware and software will play a key role. Consequently, new possibilities will emerge for makers, developers, and educational institutions.
This development opens up an exciting new world. It is as powerful as a mini-computer and as precise as a microcontroller. Moreover, it is ready for tomorrow’s projects.
Images: Adobe Stock, reichelt elektronik
